Limb lengthening is a surgical procedure used to increase the length of bones, often performed on the legs. The modern technique involves the use of intramedullary nails, which are rods placed inside the bone. Here’s an overview of the procedure:
- Surgery and Osteotomy: During surgery, an intramedullary nail is implanted into the bone. The surgeon performs an osteotomy, which is a precise cut in the bone. This cut allows for controlled bone formation and elongation.
- Initial Healing Period: After the surgery, the bone is allowed to heal for about a week. This initial period allows the body to start forming new bone in the gap created by the osteotomy.
- Gradual Lengthening: Once the bone starts forming, the lengthening process begins. A special machine is used to actuate the nail, slowly stretching the bone. The elongation progresses at an average rate of about 1 mm per day, typically done in increments. Adjustments are made 3 or 4 times a day to elongate the nail very slowly.
- Minimal Pain: The gradual nature of the adjustments makes the physical process of elongation relatively painless.
- Physiotherapy: Throughout the lengthening process, physiotherapy is essential. It helps ensure that both the bone and the surrounding soft tissues lengthen adequately and maintain proper function.
The combination of careful surgical technique, controlled lengthening, and physiotherapy allows for successful and safe limb lengthening.
